From: Tristan on
An employee at the hospital gives your data to a scammer who has
provided no service but sends you an official-looking bill posing as a
doctor or X-ray service or any of the many private contractors who
typically work for the hospital.

Another scam is "Eternal Billing"
In this scam the hospital keeps sending you bills, seemingly in
perpetuity, as they "discover" more charges (they forgot?). Since most
people have a great deal of respect for the medical community, any
successful hospital (a business) should milk that cash cow. Easy to do.
Just send more bills and SEE IF THE SUCKER PAYS. If he does send more.
Nickel & dime him into the poor house.

This often works in concert with "false billing". Here the hospital
sends you bills ... then dunning notices ... when you refuse to pay for
what you didn't get done. And if the language is adequately disguised
(not hard to do with medical terminology) some people will pay even
without question.
http://ebtx.com/medical/med04.htm